Stephens, Atkins, and Kingston (2009) found that participants were able to tolerate more pain when they shouted their favorite swear words over and over than when they shouted neutral words. For this study, what is the independent variable

The number of swear words said

Explanation:

An independent variable is a variable that is used to observe the changes that occurs in the variable of concern, that is the dependent variable.

Here the independent variable for this study will be the number of favourite swear words shouted. While the dependent variable would be the level of tolerance of pain.

In clear terms, this study wants to find if the number of times the participants shouted their favourite swear word can make them bear more pain.

answer; proximity;

chronological thinking is an indispensable tool to structure a historical narrative and to give meaning to a sequence of events. the final section presents the results of a survey to test the chronological thinking of lower secondary school students carried out by the educational research institute.