1. This means translating information into a message in the form of symbols that represent ideas or concepts.​

encoding.

Explanation:

Communication can be defined as a process which typically involves the transfer of information from one person (sender) to another (recipient), through the use of semiotics, symbols and signs that are mutually understood by both parties.

The linear model of communication comprises of four (4) main components and these are;

1. Sender (S): this is typically the source of information (message) or the originator of a message that is being sent to a receiver. Thus, they are simply the producer of a message.

2. Channel (C): this is the medium used by the sender for the dissemination or transmission of the message to the recipient. For example, telephone, television, radio, newspapers, billboards etc.

3. Message (M): this is the information or data that is being sent to a recipient by a sender. It could be in the form of a video, audio, text message etc.

4. Receiver (R): this is typically the destination of information (message) or the recipient of a message that is being sent from a sender.

Encoding can be defined as a process in which a sender translates an information into an encrypted message in the form of symbols that represent ideas or concepts.​

Hence, when a message is encoded by the sender, it requires a recipient to decode it for the communication process to be complete.

Additionally, the order of communication in a linear model are;

I. A sender sends a message to the receiver (recipient) through a transmitter.

II. The message is converted by the transmitter into a signal through encoding.

III. The encoded signal then travels through a communication channel or medium.

IV. At the receiver, the signal is then decoded using a decoder

V. Finally, the decoded message is sent to the destination.

answer; participant observation method;