Mariam has had hardly any contact with snakes, and she can't even go to the zoo because of her phobia. According to the two-process theory of avoidance, which of the following maintains Mariam's fear a. positive pulment when wround snakes.
b. negative reinforcement for rolding snakes.
c. negative punishment for thinking snakes.
d. positive reinforcement for escaping from snakes.

Option A

Explanation:

In simple words, positive pullment refers to the situation under which an individual falls suddenly into scare and phobia when surrounded by a certain environment. This happens due to some inherent characteristics or some self generated phobias due to actions of subconscious mind.

Thus, from the above we can conclude that the correct option is A.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.

answer; decreased;