You have been asked to evaluate the effectiveness of a new anti-smoking campaign in a local high school. You are able to collect pretest information on smoking rates before the campaign begins. You know that the entire school will be required to participate in the campaign and so random assignment is impossible. You are also aware that a reduction in smoking after the campaign could be caused by any number of other confounding variables. What can you do in this situation to enhance your ability to determine if the campaign was effective in reducing smoking

Arecent poll of 500 residents in a large town found that only 36% were in favor of a proposed referendum to build a new high school. find the margin of error for this poll if we want 95% confidence in our estimate of the percentage of residents in favor of this proposed referendum.

Our environments can change human behavior. describe some ways that environment changes the choices we make. what does the connection between humans and environment have to do with the study of geography?

The defendant, angered because a rival gang member had twice beaten him up after school, obtained a heavy lead pipe and waited in a deserted alleyway which he knew the rival took as a route home every day after school. when his enemy came walking down the alley, the defendant leapt out behind him and smashed the pipe into the victim's head, knocking him to the ground. the defendant then rolled the victim over and pounded his face with 15 to 20 heavy blows with the lead pipe, killing him. the jurisdiction defines first degree murder as murder committed with premeditation and deliberation. all other murders are defined as second degree murders. why will the defendant be convicted of first degree murder (as opposed to second degree murder)?