Jacky did not score well in her "pre-med" course at the university level. she started studying hard to improve her grades and got into medical school. even after getting the degree of doctor of medicine (m. she still works hard for everything and is successful in all her endeavors. which

The  special kind of response to negative reinforcement that is evident in Jacky's case  would be: Avoidance learning
Avoidance learning is a person natural response that choose to avoid unpleasant situation by making an effort to avoid those situation again. This behavior make jacky studied harder so she wouldn't have to feel the sense of failure again.

Ongoing civil wars western roman empire finally collapsed476 c.e. romulus, the last of theroman  emperors in  the west, was overthrown by the germanic leader odoacer, who became the first barbarian to rule in rome. the order that the  roman empire  had brought towestern  europe for 1000 years was no more.