Gary, a high-school student with no interest in academics, has started to study for four hours every week to avoid getting poor grades in school. this scenario is reflective of in operant conditioning.

The answer to the question above is the negative reinforcement based on the situation above and the operant conditioning theory. In this theory, there are two kinds of activities that can increase a person's behavior frequency. The negative reinforcement is one of these activities which could be done by making a person to avoid a "bad experience". Thus, Gary is in the negative reinforcement scenario.