The cause of the gulf war was the a. conflict between israel and the palestinian arabs b. iraqi citizens’ desire for a democracy c. september 11, 2001 terrorist attacks d. iraqi invasion of kuwait

hello again!

a is your answer!

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.