Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when: two of our cognitions are inconsistent. our efforts to achieve a goal have been blocked. we have overestimated the impact of situational dispositions on behavior. others' pursuit of their self-interest can harm our well-being.

Americans often speak of their country as one of several large regions.  these regions are cultural units rather than governmental units --  formed by history and geography and shaped by the economics, literature and folkways that all the parts of a region share. what makes one region different from another? a region's multicultural heritage as well as distinct demographic characteristics like age and occupation make regions different and special. within several regions, language is used differently and there are strong dialects. there are also differences in outlook and attitude based on geography.