Which of the following terms refer to a law that allows individuals to be prosecuted for an action that, when committed, was not a crime, but was outlawed afterwards?

idk if you found them already or not but you probably did but the one closer to sea level is raleigh.

even though you have attached neither the chart nor the generalizations, i have located them online. the right answer is d, since they are asking you about a generalization. you can only infer from the chart that between 2008 and 2009 the number of employed workers decreased significantly (from over 115 millions to 107 millions approximately), which signals some type of economic crisis.  

d - failures.

the only attempted british colony in north america before 1600 was roanoke, virginia, which was a total failure. england claimed several areas, including newfoundland, but made no sustainable attempts to colonize them before 1600.