Ratification means A) an official change.
B) the right to vote.
C) the right to free speech.
D) official approval.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

answer; code of federal regulations;

answer; you can turn right on a red signal (when posted);