Which one of the following is NOT a suggested method of countering hate speech online?

Smartphones

Explanation:

Online disinhibition refers to a situation when people felt the lack of restraint when communicating online compared to communicating directly in real life. The smartphone is just a medium that's used for online communication. It's not necessarily the cause for the disinhibition.

- Anonymity

When someone felt that their identify is well hidden, they'd feel less afraid that they will face repercussion of the things that they say.

- Lag time

Lag time refers to the delay that exist between initial communication to the response. Within that time delay, a person might've changed their opinion. But in online communication, people wouldn't aware of this and can cause a conflict.

- Lack of non-verbal cues

Lacking facial expression or intonation when communicating online during text may make a person misinterpret a message that initially made with good intentions. This often caused conflicts.

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