3. Can you name other media (substances) that use transverse waves to transfer energy?

the answer would be in this answer. someone already asked the question.  

the money supply is the total amount of money available in the economy. how do changes in the money supply affect people and businesses?

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.

are there any options?