What is the definition of online, or e-learning, according to Dr. Pannekoek?

An online class is a course conducted over the Internet. They are generally conducted through a learning management system, in which students can view their course syllabus and academic progress, as well as communicate with fellow students and their course instructor. A learning system based on formalised teaching but with the help of electronic resources is known as E-learning. While teaching can be based in or out of the classrooms, the use of computers and the Internet forms the major component of E-learning.

Explanation:

In online education, we talk about virtual classes, virtual schools, virtual conferences, etc. In common use, when we use the word "virtual", we tend to mean online, that is through a computer or device. We use it to define an interaction that does not take place in an in-person physical environment.

in an absolute  monarchy, the  monarchrules as an autocrat, with absolutepower  over the state and government — for example, the right to rule by decree, promulgate laws, and impose punishments. the  monarch isnominally sovereign but the electorate, through their legislature, exercise political sovereignty.

the answer is a. monarch