How do the two major political parties of today differ?

The Republican Party is usually more conservative, they're usually pro-choice, traditional marriage, religious-radicals, pro-gun rights, anti-ally, anti-government transparency, and focus very much on more politically based issues.
The Democratic Party is more focused on being socially-just with gun-control, pro-choice, pro-government transparency, spreading money in a fair way, and making sure everyone has the rights that more socially-acceptable people do.
So the republicans focus more on government, money, etc. Democrats focus more on the happiness of the people and fairness.

What was the length to begin with?