Is the relationship between candidate's campaign money and their electoral victory causal, endogenous, or spurious?

The endogenous nature of campaign negativity and the relative position of a candidate in the polls raises questions about the causal relationship of these two variables in previous observational studies of campaigns. To address this problem, this paper uses an experiment embedded in a survey of campaign practitioners to evaluate the role of poll positioning on the use of campaign negativity.

Explanation:

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for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.

the answer your looking for is c. : )