Social Studies, 02.09.2019 06:30 mayapril813

Write a brief speech explaining why the french political system needs to change

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Answer from: silverns

1. Politically: France before the Revolution was a monarchy, that is, hereditary rule, as was most of Europe except, significantly, Great Bittain. The Revolution literally threw off the monarchy and embraced the notion of a Republic. In doing so, they beheaded their king, Louis XVI, precipitating the French Revolutionary Wars. The revolutions proclaimations, embodied in the document "Declaration of the Rights of Man" threatened every other monarchy in Europe. Republican governments are representative, wherein they are always ruling by the consent of the governed, whereas the kings and nobles of 18th century Europe were faced with overthrow and murder.
2. Socially: Of Frances 26 million inhabitants in 1789, about 90% were poor peasants and farmers. The rest were either the nobility or the clergy. In fact, the very imbalance of the country socially begged for revolt. Each stratum of the society was called by one of three estates. The Nobility, including royalty, was the First Estate, the clergy and the Church was the Second Estate, and the peasants were the Third Estate. After the Revolution all offices were open to tjhose with the most talent. This was never more true than during the First Empire, when Napoleon's many Codes were written and enforced in France. In fact, the Code Napoleon still exists as part of the legal structure of several European nations today. But privilege was looked down upon, and merit was gained by talent.
3. Economically: In this respect there was change on several levels. For one thing, the new government had to command revenues in a sensible fashion and keep the nation solvent, otherwise chaos would result. It almost did, edspecially after 1792 when the wars began. But Frances conquests themselves paid dividends in hard currency, as well as many of Europes greatest art treasures. Under Napoleon the Bank of France was established and eventuallt the economy took form. It can be said that the French Revolution helped to intensify the Industrial Revolution in that country, and this could only have been accomplished in the absence of monarchy, and certainly not because of it. France grew stronger and faster under it's succesive republics because the freedoms evident in a republic encourage investment in new technology and excite compeition, and therefore innovation.

Answer from: Quest

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Answer from: Quest

clearcutting reproduces a new even-aged stand by completely removing the mature stand.

clearcutting as a silvicultural treatment has several characteristics:

it causes a sudden environmental change

it removes the seed source from the regeneration area

the configuration of the clearcut may affect seed dispersal

it begins a new rotation

it will eliminate some pests that require forest cover

overall, it temporarily removes the forest cover, transforming the forest community and environment.

clearcutting followed by artificial (seeded or planted) regeneration has several advantages:

we can avoid delay in restocking the site

we can introduce a selected species, seed source, and genotype

we can control arrangement and spacing

we can achieve uniformity in the new stand

we can overcome the problems associated with securing sufficient natural regeneration.

the shelterwood method involves the removal of most of the mature stand at the end of the rotation, but a portion of the mature stand is left standing. the shelterwood method serves three basic purposes:

to prepare the stand for production of abundant seed

to modify the environment in a way that promotes germination and survival of the selected species

to build up the amount and size of advance regeneration to ensure the prompt restocking of the new stand following overstory removal.

the shelterwood method involves a sequence of 3 cuttings:

preparatory cuttings: make the seed trees more vigorous and set the stage for regeneration. see our thinning page for more information.

establishment/seed cuttings: open up enough vacant growing space to allow establishment of the new regeneration.

removal cuttings: uncover the new crop to allow it to fill the growing space.

the residual trees in the shelterwood must:

be sturdy and windfirm

be able to survive exposure

flower and reproduce seed

be the best trees of the mature stand

keep in mind that the shelter trees must not occupy the entire site. a void must be created in order to make room for the new regeneration. the amount of shelter to leave will depend on the following factors:

species characteristics (seeding and shelter requirements)

the number of cuttings in the cutting sequence (1, 2, or 3)

landowner objectives

the size of the area to be regenerated

the final removal harvest level required to be profitable

the shelter must be removed before it impedes the growth of the new stand or threatens its survival.

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Write a brief speech explaining why the french political system needs to change...

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