15th Amendment * Abolished slavery Suits between states Separate elections for president and vice president Direct election of senators Protection of rights of all citizens regardless of race Federal income tax African-American males given the right to vote Lame Duck period - Congress begins on Jan. 20, President starts on Jan. 30 Prohibition Women gain right to vote

African-American males given the right to vote.

Explanation:

The 15th Amendment which was enacted in 1870 guaranteed African-American males the right to vote. It boldly stated that voting rights would not be denied to any individual on the basis of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

The 15th Amendment was enacted after 13th and 14th Amendment were passed which guaranteed freedom and citizenship to African-Americans respectively. It was a great leap to the struggle of equality which was yet to come in the future.

the earth’s crust is broken into separate pieces called tectonic plates (fig. 7.14). recall that the crust is the solid, rocky, outer shell of the planet. it is composed of two distinctly different types of material: the less-dense continental crust and the more-dense oceanic crust. both types of crust rest atop solid, upper mantle material. the upper mantle, in turn, floats on a denser layer of lower mantle that is much like thick molten tar.

each tectonic plate is free-floating and can move independently. earthquakes and volcanoes are the direct result of the movement of tectonic plates at fault lines. the term fault is used to describe the boundary between tectonic plates. most of the earthquakes and volcanoes around the pacific ocean basin—a pattern known as the “ring of fire”—are due to the movement of tectonic plates in this region. other observable results of short-term plate movement include the gradual widening of the great rift lakes in eastern africa and the rising of the himalayan mountain range. the motion of plates can be described in four general patterns:

collision: when two continental plates are shoved together

subduction: when one plate plunges beneath another (fig. 7.15)

spreading: when two plates are pushed apart (fig. 7.15)

transform faulting: when two plates slide past each other (fig. 7.15)