Environmental Science create Bridges on the gaps of all science?

Explanation:

Most theories of decision making postulate that decisions are or should be based on two pillars: beliefs and values (Fig. 1). A decision maker’s beliefs are a reflection of his or her perceptions of reality, including facts, opinions, and uncertainties surrounding them. Beliefs can and should be informed by science. (This use is different from the notion of beliefs that cannot be confirmed and are instead a matter of faith or religion). A decision maker’s values reflect his or her sense of what to strive for or to achieve, including goals, objectives, and associated tradeoffs. This dual concept exists in all decision theories, including prescriptive ones like expected value theory, expected utility theory (9), and subjective expected utility theory (10), and descriptive ones like prospect theory and cumulative prospect theory (11, 12), as well as all other generalized expected utility theories (13). Decision analysis is applied decision theory (14). It includes models of beliefs and values and methods to quantify them. Beliefs are modeled as probabilities of events or probability distributions over uncertain quantities. Relationships between beliefs are modeled with influence diagrams or Bayesian networks, using Bayes’s theorem to link beliefs at different nodes. Values are modeled as multiattribute value functions or, when risk attitude matters, as multiattribute utility functions. Together, belief and value models are combined through the expected utility model—by multiplying probabilities of events with utilities of consequences and by summing these products over events.