Despite constitutional power limits, the national government possesses many tools for controlling the actions of the states through fiscal means. Describe some of the ways, and include devolution, cooperative federalism, and dual federalism.

In simple words, Federalism divides policy by having two federal authorities – the national policy as well as the state legislature – which restrict the authority of both governments. Division of authorities sets internal constraints by splitting the administration against it's own, granting distinct duties to various branches and requiring everyone to form coalitions.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.

answer; ethnocentrism;