Excerpt from Doughnuts - A Dessert Tradition Mary O’Dell Stories vary, but most agree that the hole in the center of the doughnut is credited to a New England sailor, Hanson Gregory. Grown by many U. S farmers, bread has been an American staple for many years. Because many people needed to save every last piece of bread they had, people began to experiment with the bits and pieces of leftover bread. Hanson Gregory was a sea captain from Maine who worked on a lime trading ship. He would often bake and fry cakes from remaining bread bits he sweetened. Tasty, but soggy in the middle, the fried cakes needed some changes. Captain Gregory experimented with cutting out the center of the cakes. This was a practical move which allowed increased surface area for more uniform frying. The result was the elimination of the dessert’s soggy center. Captain Hanson Gregory had stumbled upon a superb solution and redefined the shape of the pastry. To obtain information about Captain Hanson Gregory’s contribution to the doughnut, which source would be most credible when considering accuracy? A) an information website with open access information. B) a Gregory family webpage with direct quotes from relatives. C) a published magazine article entitled "Romantic Rumors and Fanciful Folklore Regarding Donuts." D) a published book, The Little Known Facts and Details of American Desserts.

na idade média, existia o santo ofício, responsável pela censura. hoje em dia, em um país democrático, temos algo que se assemelha a essa medida que é quando o governo impõe censura a um indivíduo ou meio de comunicação.

por constituição:

"art. 5º da constituição federal - inc. ix - é livre a expressão da atividade intelectual, artística, científica e de comunicação, independentemente de censura ou licença;

liberdade de expressão a garantia assegurada a qualquer indivíduo de se manifestar, buscar e receber ideias e informações de todos os tipos, com ou sem a intervenção de terceiros, por meio de linguagens oral, escrita, artística ou qualquer outro meio de comunicação. "

esse direito da constituição, quando contrariado, é o mais próximo ao julgamento político de obras e ações da antiguidade.

the earth’s crust is broken into separate pieces called tectonic plates (fig. 7.14). recall that the crust is the solid, rocky, outer shell of the planet. it is composed of two distinctly different types of material: the less-dense continental crust and the more-dense oceanic crust. both types of crust rest atop solid, upper mantle material. the upper mantle, in turn, floats on a denser layer of lower mantle that is much like thick molten tar.

each tectonic plate is free-floating and can move independently. earthquakes and volcanoes are the direct result of the movement of tectonic plates at fault lines. the term fault is used to describe the boundary between tectonic plates. most of the earthquakes and volcanoes around the pacific ocean basin—a pattern known as the “ring of fire”—are due to the movement of tectonic plates in this region. other observable results of short-term plate movement include the gradual widening of the great rift lakes in eastern africa and the rising of the himalayan mountain range. the motion of plates can be described in four general patterns:

collision: when two continental plates are shoved together

subduction: when one plate plunges beneath another (fig. 7.15)

spreading: when two plates are pushed apart (fig. 7.15)

transform faulting: when two plates slide past each other (fig. 7.15)

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permafrost layer, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment.