6. In response to the argument that embryos are not persons because they lack certain rights that all persons have (such as the right to life), Lee and George argue that A. all choices given in this list

B. the right to life belongs to all living creatures, human or not.

C. the right to life belongs to a human being at all times that he or she exists.

D. not all persons have the right to life—for example, a murderer has given up his or her right to life through his or her actions.

9. Which of the following theories will approach the morality of abortion by considering how much overall intrinsic value is likely to be brought about by abortion?

A. virtue ethics

B. consequentialist theory

C. deontology

D. natural law theory

44. Warren claims that, for the purposes of arguing that abortion is not wrong, all we need is a “rough and approximate list of the most basic criteria of personhood,” rather than a “fully adequate analysis” of personhood.

True

False

48. To say that persons are ends in themselves is to say that they have a special worth or value that demands of us that we have a certain positive regard for them.

True

False

51. Something has direct moral standing when its standing depends entirely on its being related to something else that has direct moral standing.

True

False

55. Those who defend a conservative view about the morality of abortion often argue that in early pregnancy the fetus possesses features that are sufficient for having strong direct moral standing.

True

False

56. To say that relativism is a moral theory is an immediate contradiction.

57. According to Thomson, a very early abortion is surely not the of a person, and so early abortions are not dealt with in her paper.

60. Patrick Lee and Robert George argue that is false because we are not identical to nonphysical consciousnesses but are rather identical to something physical.

62. One of Kant’s formulations of his fundamental principle of morality states that rational nature exists as a(n) in itself.

66. For Mill, bodily pleasures are inferior to (i. e., less valuable than) pleasures.

67. An action meets the condition of (mentioned by the law of double effect) if it is not possible to bring about the good effect of that action except by performing an action that will bring about the evil effect in question.