"In addition to educating the country, [President Barack Obama’s] goal is to frame the political debate and set an agenda that the next Democratic presidential nominee can run on next year—an agenda that Obama hopes will put opposition Republicans at a big disadvantage. Obama has been getting lots of attention for bypassing the Republican-controlled Congress and using his unilateral powers, such as executive orders, to get his way. But his power to persuade is another vital weapon in the president's arsenal, since he can command media and public attention almost whenever he wants." -Kenneth T. Walsh, U. S. News & World Report, 2015 The strategy described in the passage above is an example of which of the following?
1. the bully pulpit
2. checks and balances
3. cloture
4. formal power