Even within a society, behavior that constitutes criminal deviance when one individual engages in it may not constitute criminal deviance for another individual.

False.

Explanation:

As you may already know, a criminal activity is any activity that violates the law of a country or region. Deviance, on the other hand, is a term used to determine behavior contrary to the norms and concepts accepted within a society, or within the same community.

Thus, we can say that within the same society, a behavior that is considered as criminal deviance for an individual is the same behavior that is considered as criminal deviance for the other individuals that are members of that society.

True

Explanation:

Deviance is a breakaway from the norms of a society. Deviance can be an individual's inability to conform to the set down rules of a society.

There are positive deviance, which are beneficial to the society like

a police killing a gunman and negative deviance such as a man going on a shooting spree.

For some or most individual in a society, killing another human being can be seen as an act that constitutes a criminal deviance, whereas a policeman who guns down a bank robber is not seen as a criminal deviance.

b) to encourage free trade

experiments.

surveys.

questionnaires.

interviews.

case studies.

participant and non-participant observation.

observational trials.

studies using the delphi method.