Which best describes the influence of Christianity on enslaved African Americans?
A. Christianity had little influence because most enslaved people followed traditional African religions.
B. Christianity had some influence and convinced most enslaved people to accept the practice of slavery.
C. Christianity had a great deal of influence, and Bible stories about freedom often kept enslaved workers’ hopes alive.
D. Christianity had a great deal of influence and convinced most enslaved people to give up their African traditions completely.

The defendant, angered because a rival gang member had twice beaten him up after school, obtained a heavy lead pipe and waited in a deserted alleyway which he knew the rival took as a route home every day after school. when his enemy came walking down the alley, the defendant leapt out behind him and smashed the pipe into the victim's head, knocking him to the ground. the defendant then rolled the victim over and pounded his face with 15 to 20 heavy blows with the lead pipe, killing him. the jurisdiction defines first degree murder as murder committed with premeditation and deliberation. all other murders are defined as second degree murders. why will the defendant be convicted of first degree murder (as opposed to second degree murder)?