Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a
By the 1830s railroad construction had begun all across America, but the Civil War halted further construction.
b
The completion of the transcontinental railroad contributed to the settlement of the Western frontier.
c
The transcontinental railroad was misunderstood and protested by many settlers across the plains as being a threat to their way of life.
d
The transcontinental railroad was a combined effort between the United States government, cities, counties, and businesses.