theory argues that people experience a kind of mental discomfort when confronted with new information, and as a result, they consciously and subconsciously work to limit or reduce that discomfort.

Dissonance

Explanation:

In psychology and cognitive theory, there's a specific theory called the Dissonance theory which suggests that whenever we act we do it in a way to maintain harmony (in other words, to avoid dissonance).

However, this cannot always be achieved so when our self detects an inconsistency between our attitudes and and our beliefs (we experience something new that opposes our belief about the world or contradicts it in some way or we need to act in one of these ways), this creates mental stress or discomfort and our mind works to reduce it.  

Therefore, we could say that dissonance theory argues that people experience a kind of mental discomfort when confronted with new information, and as a result, they consciously and subconsciously work to limit or reduce that discomfort.