In order to determine if and how discrimination affects hiring decisions, sociologists conduct studies in which they send paired actors to apply for real jobs. The actors are equal in every way aside from race. What are these studies called?

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In order to determine if and how discrimination affects hiring decisions, sociologists conduct studies in which they send paired actors to apply for real jobs. The actors are equal in every way aside from race. What are these studies called?

A. Audit studies

B. Ethnography

C. Survey studies

D. Conversion analysis

These studies are called A. audit studies.

Explanation:

Audit studies are used in several areas, such as sociology and political science, to test discrimination and unequal treatment. This type of study uses actors or otherwise trained people to apply for the same sets of opportunities - jobs, housing vacancies, etc. Those actors are matched in all characteristics, except for the one that is being tested for discrimination. In the case described in the passage, they are equal in every way aside from race. Another possibility, for instance, would be gender difference, but equal education, experience, and so on.

- "sack of constantinople, (april 1204). the diversion of the fourth crusade from the holy land to attack, capture, and pillage the byzantine city of constantinople divided and dissipated the efforts of the christians to maintain the war against the muslims. the fourth crusade was corrupted from its purpose early on."

- "the crusades were a series of religious wars undertaken by the latin church. the first crusade arose after a call to arms in 1095 sermons by pope urban ii. the first crusade unleashed a wave of impassioned, pious catholic fury, which was of constantinople, the capital of the christian-controlled byzantine empire."

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