Belle is excited when she receives a telephone call from her grandmother on her birthday. When Belle's grandmother asks Belle how old she is, Belle holds up 3 fingers in front of the phone. Belle's belief that because she can see her fingers, so can her grandmother, reflects the Piagetian concept of

egocentrism
echocentrism
enocentrism
none of the above

Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence can be applied to a study employing human subjects? providing detailed information about the study and obtaining the subject's consent to participate. ensuring that the selection of subjects includes people from all segments of the population. ensuring that persons with diminished autonomy are protected. determining that the study has a maximization of benefits and a minimization of risks.