According to more recent empirical studies of parent-adolescent conflict, developmentalists understand that: the majority of adolescents have positive feelings toward their parents. conflict does not dominate parent-adolescent relationships. all of the choices parents and adolescents have disagreements about insignificant and superficial issues.

all of the choices                

Explanation:

Parent-adolescent conflict usually arises when two different people disagree based on specific beliefs, goals, and values that they possess. Therefore, parents and adolescents have more than enough opportunities to carry out conflicts. However, this is the time when both the parties i.e, parents and adolescents have conflicts on a high level because of the disagreements in their opinions, choices, and decisions, etc and it is normal to disagree sometimes if it doesn't involve violence.

In the question above, "all of the choices" is the correct answer.