Melissa is an attractive female who lives in San Diego and loves football. When asked to predict if it was more probable that she was a school teacher or a cheerleader for the San Diego Chargers, most people selected the latter even though there are thousands more school teachers than Charger cheerleaders in SanDiego. This is an illustration of:

A) hindsight bias.
B) the representative heuristic.
C) base-rate decision making.
D) the conjunction fallacy

B. the representative heuristic.

Explanation:

The representative heuristic -

Heuristics refers to the use of some mental shortcuts during the process of judging or decision making .  

The term representative heuristic was first given in the year 1970 , by psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky .  

The use of heuristic for making any judgement by the use of comparison , is referred to as the representative heuristic.

The process involves comparison with some predefined object or situation , with the new object or scenario , makes the process of understanding much more easier .  

From the given question,

The process of decision making is involved to select between Melissa to be a school teacher or a cheerleader .

a would be the answer