Four-year-old Regis is learning to tie his own shoes. To help keep himself on task, he talks to himself. He says, "First you make a knot, then you make a loop." Vygotsky referred to this as .

Vygotsky referred to this as SELF TALK.

Explanation: Self talk is referred to as simply talking to oneself whether silently or aloud. This is an internal dialogue that is influenced by the subconscious mind, and it reveals thoughts, beliefs, questions, and ideas. It can be both negative and positive, encouraging, distressing etc.

Vygotsky explains that private speech stems from a child's social interactions as a toddler, then reaches a peak during preschool or kindergarten when children talk aloud to themselves.

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