Behaviors are reinforced after a certain number of them have been exhibited under a schedule of reinforcement.

Fixed ratio

Explanation:

Fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement is defined as the schedule in which reinforcement is present when there are certain correct number of responses occurrence.

This is particularly steady form of responding system where a short gap occurs when delivery happens by reinforcer. It produces high amount of responses along with being constant in generating it.

b) the bill goes to the president.

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answer; the government can clearly justify the restriction;