Twelve-year-old Nathaniel was facing trouble solving the word problems in his math homework. However, when his dad helped him by reading the problems aloud and emphasizing the important information, Nathaniel could solve all the problems correctly. Which of the following concepts is being illustrated in this scenario?

a. Piaget's concept of conservation
b. Piaget's concept of concrete operational thought
c. Erikson's concept of industry versus inferiority
d. Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development

d. Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development                  

Explanation:

Zone of proximal development: In psychology, the term "zone of proximal development" is also written as ZPD, and it was proposed by a social constructivist and soviet psychologist named Lev Vygotsky.

According to Vygotsky, it is described as the difference between the capability of a learner or a child to perform a particular task with the help of another person or guidance or without the help of anyone i.e, by oneself.

In the question above, the given statement signifies Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development.

panem is a communist totalitarian dictatorship where all the resources and how they are allocated belongs to the capitol. the districts exist only to provide goods and services for the capital and most of the citizens live in poverty. it is a police state where the "peacekeepers" use force and threats to keep the people under control. dissent is outlawed and those who disobey the law are executed, flogged, or turned into avoxes. the games are another means in which the ruling elite in the capitol exert their power over the districts. when reading the books i drew parallels between panem and the soviet union and north korea. in no way is panem capitalist. the people in the capitol are wealthy but the majority of them are involved in the government somehow. it was the same way in the former soviet union where bigwigs in the communist party and high ranking government officials were given access to goods, services, medical treatments not available to the general public. if you think panem has a capitalist economy you need to brush up on your economics.  

  b.

there are isolated pockets of farming, generally around rivers and oases, which are used for irrigation.