What traits do the prey animals shown here have in common that help them survive

Adaptation—the modification of an organism or its parts—is a basic principle of evolution. An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment. Birds show the same diversity of lifestyles as mammals, but they also show some unique adaptations

Camouflage, highly developed senses, warning signals, and different defensive weapons and behaviour's are all used by prey animals for survival.

a punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity. enforcement of norms or shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations. social control. not everyone internalizes all of society's norms, and some people must be motivated by self-fulfillment.

i believe the answer is:   psychological  experiment

in this experiment, wilhelm wundt became the first person that implement scientific method in analyzing the pyschological phenomenon.

due to this result, wilhelm wundt also able to make psychology to be acknowledged as a separate scientific field from biology.