Vaughn and Lanzetta's (1981) study required participants to observe someone receiving an electric shock. Some, but not all of the participants were required to make a pained expression whenever the shock was implemented. The results indicated that compared to those students who were not required to make a pained expression, those who did perspired more and had faster heart rates whenever they observed the person being shocked. Which theory are the results consistent with?

Self perception theory

Explanation:

Self-perception theory describes the process in which people, lacking initial attitudes or emotional responses, develop them by observing their own behavior and coming to conclusions as to what attitudes must have driven that behavior. Self-concept is important because it influences how we think, feel, and act in everyday organizational life.

"harry t. moore (1905-1951) – civil rights activist, leader, and the first martyr of the civil rights movement. fannie lou hamer (1917–1977) – leader in the american civil rights movement; co-founder of the national women's political caucus and freedom democratic party. james farmer (1920–1999) – congress of racial equality."

i think it is the third one.