Owens et al. (2011) manipulated texting while driving conditions (i. e., driving with no texting, driving while texting on a personal phone, driving while texting using an in-vehicle texting system) to see if this influenced visual and steering behaviors of drivers. Participants completed the task by texting the researcher on a closed course. In this design, the texting condition served as the .

Ecological validity

Explanation:

Ecological validity is define as the way in which the findings of a research study are able to be generalized to real life settings.

Owens et al. (2011) manipulating texting while driving conditions (i.e., driving with no texting, driving while texting on a personal phone, driving while texting using an in-vehicle texting system) to see if this influenced visual and steering behaviors of drivers. Participants completed the task by texting the researcher on a closed course. The testing conditions serves as the ecological validity in which the researchers use his finding to generalize it to a real life setting thereby using it to predict the behaviour of the participants in real world settings.

it gave them more rights

those sounds of the natural world are bioacoustics, and they're more than a false-color spectrogram of data from the musiamunat conservation area.