The U. S. Department of Defense (DOD) is bringing suits against several contractors in Iraq who are alleged to have paid kickbacks to military personnel in order to win contracts. The DOD wants portions of the contract prices paid refunded by the contractors. The DOD suits against the contractors: a. will be heard in federal district court or the court of claims. b. must be heard in the U. S. Supreme Court. c. will be appellate level case trials. d. will be heard in the military courts of justice.