An urban planner is designing a new urban housing development. It will have five apartment buildings, two basketball courts, a playground with permeable foam pavers, a 10-acre green space with a small man-made pond, one 5-story parking deck, and direct access to the mass transit train line. Which of the following will best help to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere? 1. The land cleared to build the new development occurs in a rural area rather than within the city limits. 2. Access to the mass transit train line will provide inhabitants an alternative to driving personal vehicles. 3. The playground is made with permeable foam pavers rather than with impervious concrete. 4. Food and other resources must be transported to the development from up to 200 miles away.

3. The playground is made with permeable foam pavers rather than with impervious concrete.

Explanation:Permeable surfaces (also known as porous or pervious surfaces) , the permeable foam pavers will give water the ability to infiltrate to the soil and filter out pollutants whilst filling up the water table.

Impermeable/impervious concrete will only act as a barrier to water percolation as it will not find an pores to penetrate and causing it to run off , leaving a dry surface.

Access to the mass transit train line will provide inhabitants an alternative to driving personal vehicles.

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.