In characterizing the concept of art as an "open concept," Wittgensteinians claim that what makes something an object of art depends less on the thing itself than on how the thing functions in a "form of life." In other words, for Wittgensteinians art is defined as:

4) what articles do you think a soldier would have in his “old kit bag”?

Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?

Refers to the biological heritage people use to identify themselves.