Marta needs an electrician to do some work at her home. Her father advises her to make sure that the firm she plans to hire is not a closed shop. Marta is not sure what this means, but later learns that the "closed shop" that her father was referring to is:
a. a place of employment in which most of the workers are union members.
b. a firm that requires union membership by its workers as a condition of employment.
c. a firm that keeps its doors closed to union members.
d. a firm that prohibits any efforts to introduce a union among its employees.

b. firm that requires union membership by its workers as a condition of employment

Explanation:

A closed shop also called a pre-entry closed shop refers to an agreement whereby the employer only hires an employee if he has union membership and must remain a member of that union to continue in employment. It is a form of security agreement to ensure genuiness of employee. Closed ship is opposed to post-entry closed shop or union shop which requires the employee to become a member of a union if they are not already members, and must be accepted by the union.

d.

thist title points out that you are explaining the nature of the u.s. government. it is the most specific. a representative government consists of a government where decisions are taken according to a voting system. the most essential aspect of a representative government is found in the different structures where voting rights are granted to different groups of people. for example, voting for governor, mayor, president, local police chief etc.