Juan's mother expects a phone call and a visit on her birthday, as has been the norm in her family for many years. Instead, Juan texts his mother and forwards a video of a chipmunk singing "Happy Birthday to You." Older norms for birthday greetings no longer hold, but it isn't entirely clear what the new norms are, or ought to be. Durkheim would call this .

The answer is anomie.

Explanation:

Émile Durkheim called "anomie" to the lack of social guidance about the norms in a community. In the example, Juan's mother has not been exposed to new customs about birthdays. If a person has different beliefs or values to those prominent in his environment, and anomie takes place, it's possible that the person will not function properly in society.

According to Durkheim, anomie mostly occurs due to a different perspective of values between a person and those of a larger population.

answer; protectionism fosters competition and keeps price regulated;

answer; use multiple stimuli;