When schools use education as a means to sort students so that those judged to be the most gifted are helped to rise to the highest levels of society while the less fortunate are allowed sink to society's lower levels, they are engaging in:

Social Darwinism.

Explanation:

Social Darwinism is a concept that applies the concept of natural selection in biology and survival of the fittest to politics and sociology. Social Darwinists argue that some individuals are innately better than others, and hence should be given more power in the society compared to their counterparts who are not better. They believe that the gifted or the strong should be more wealthy and attain the highest levels in the society compared to the weak ones. They justify social inequality and racism.

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