refer(s) to the inferences people make about other people based upon their group memberships.

Stereotypes.

Explanation:

As the exercise briefly explains, a stereotype is an inference made by people about other people, groups or individuals based upon their group memberships. A stereotype is an over-generalized idea; a strong belief that, if a person has some particular traits, they belong to a particular group, quickly labeling as something. For example, a stereotype is to believe that a woman belongs in the kitchen, that the man should do the heavy lifting, that every Mexican is an illegal immigrant, that all Asians are good at math, that every tall person played/plays basketball, etc.

gold discovery in california, and pioneer settlers were sometimes pulled west because they wanted to make a better living. others received letters from friends or family members who had moved west. these letters often told about a good life on the frontier. the biggest factor that pulled pioneers west was the opportunity to buy land.

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