What is an activity-based approach to designing a costing system? a. an activity-based approach traces direct costs to a cost object by using the actual direct-cost rates times the actual quantities of the direct-cost inputs. indirect costs are allocated based on the actual indirect-cost rates times the actual quantities of the cost-allocation bases. b. an activity-based approach refines a costing system by focusing on individual activities as the fundamental cost objects. it uses the cost of these activities as the basis for assigning costs to other cost objects such as products or services. c. an activity-based approach describes a particular costing approach that uses broad averages for assigning the cost of resources uniformly to cost objects. d. an activity-based approach means making changes that result in cost numbers better measuring the way different cost objects, such as products, use different amounts of resources of the company. these changes require the assignment of costs to direct and indirect cost pools and the use of a single indirect-cost rate.

Chapter 1 what is the sociological perspective? why did durkheim say that some people are more likely to commit suicide? what does it mean that sociology us to see that “things are not as they seem"? what is the "sociological imagination"? how did industrialization and urbanization lead to the development of sociology? who is the "father" of sociology (and coined the term sociology)? what was the major goal of sociology’s pioneers like comte and durkheim? what did herbert spencer say? what did karl marx think caused social change? when did sociology become established as an academic discipline in the u.s.? what did w.e.b. dubois say was the major problem of the 20th century? what is the functionalist view of society? what is the main focus of the conflict perspective? why are gender and race important to the conflict perspective? what is the symbolic interactionist perspective? chapter 2 why is culture vital to human survival, and how is that different from animal instinct? what is the sapir-whorf hypothesis? what is a norm? what are mores and folkways? how does the u.s. compare to other nations in terms of how multicultural or culturally diverse it is? what is a subculture? what is a counterculture? what is cultural lag? can you give an example? what is the ethnocentrism vs. cultural relativism debate about?

Which statement best explains the "culture of life? " (plato) a. it is the belief that all life is sacred and the implementation of policy in line with that vision. b. it is the idea that human embryos should be used to find cures to medical conditions. c. it is the belief that god created the world and that no one should meddle in affairs of life and death. d. it is the belief that human beings have the right to determine when and how they should die.

11. what characteristic was shared by all the important scientists of the scientific revolution? the importance of challenging authority at all times in the pursuit of truth. truth is only achievable through a process of inquiry and observation. the belief that traditional methods of inquiry and discovery were correct, but needed greater accuracy. the belief that the ancient philosophers were correct in their original observations of the laws of nature.