As joan becomes familiar with the literature examining the influence of physical attractiveness on judgments of criminal behavior, she notes inconsistencies in the results. she concludes that this area of study needs to be further investigated. this scenario best represents as a source of ideas for research.

Past research

Explanation:

Past research is the technique of researching that has been done in prior  about any particular subject and information regarding study got spread through publishing.It can be done by any person previously regarding any hypothesis or idea to test it and concluding outcomes .It is also known as previous research.This subject of research can be further researched.

According to the question, past Heracles is the reason behind the research idea that developed in mind of Joan .She wanted to investigate about the instable results that came from theory of criminal behavior impacting physical attractiveness.

the answer is:

c. economic output

answer: ‘no one should be discriminated against because he or she is not from a minority group’

because—> affirmative action means ‘a policy or program that provides opportunities for traditionally disadvantaged groups to them overcome the effects of discrimination’