Under what circumstances are judges likely to take immediate action to halt pollution before a violation of the law has been proven in court?
a. in extreme cases when the potential damage is clear and irreparable
b. when the polluting industry is large and can afford it
c. whenever environmental lobby groups are in agreement that the problem exists
d. whenever there is cause to believe the environment might be harmed

A. In extreme cases when the potential damage is clear and irreparable

Explanation: Hazardous materials that cause harm to the environment are regulated by laws, each of which is targeted at particular problems.

A concerned citizen has the right, granted by both state and federal laws, to sue any individual or organization responsible for a form of pollution to halt the activity causing the pollution.

In extreme cases and where there is evidence that  the pollution will cause clear and irreparable damage, a judge may halt the action causing the pollution before a violation of the law has been proven in court.

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