Acourt that hears and weighs evidence in order to reach the first decision in a civil or criminal case is a court of jurisdiction.
a. appellate
b. constitutional
c. trial
d. original

d. original jurisdiction

Explanation:

Original jurisdiction -

In the legal law system , it refers to the right of the court to a listen to the case for the very first time , where the court which is at higher position has the right listen or review to the decisions of the lower court , is referred to as original jurisdiction.

Hence, from the given statement of the question, the correct term for the given statement from the given options is original jurisdiction.

trade regulation is a field of law, often bracketed with antitrust (as in the phrase “antitrust and trade regulation law”), including government regulation of unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive business acts or practices. antitrust law is often considered a subset of trade regulation law. franchise and distribution law, consumer protection law, and advertising law are sometimes considered parts of trade regulation law.

in general the theory of economics says that the more open to trade a country is the better   the result for the same country and the whole economies.

in real life countries impose taxes, quotas, etc which is not so good for the economies.

this kind of commercial war between the usa and china is slowing down the growth of the whole world so we can say that it is a draw back of trade regulations. and the free trade agreements are benefits of trade regulations.

imperial crisis leads to civil war.

roman forces withdraw from britain as goths attack rome.

odoacer topples romulus augustus

huns attack the empire and drive german peoples ahead of them.