People tend to make systematic and predictable mistakes in their thinking. these mistakes are called:

People tend to make systematic and predictable mistakes in their thinking. These mistakes are called biases.

Explanation:

Humans are not perfect decision makers. Everyday humans make numerous decisions and try their best to be rational. But many times, our cognitive limitations prevent us from doing so. In systematic and predictable ways, we do drift away from perfection. Even if we take each step properly to make a decision by first defining the problem, then thinking of alternatives for the solution and then take a decision, one is bound to get affected by cognitive thinking. Such mistakes that humans make are called biases. They affect the judgement of even a very talented human being.

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facts: the 14th amendment

the 14th amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws.

the 14th amendment was intended to protect the rights of former slaves after the american civil war.

the 14th amendment was approved by congress in june of 1866 and ratified by the states on july 9, 1868.

the 14th amendment establishes that all persons born in the united states are citizens and are guaranteed all the rights of citizenship.

the 14th amendment establishes that the law protects all citizens equally.

in this case the passage of the 14th amendment   that was violated was the last part in which it states that there is equal protection of the law.