Correct statements concerning employees retirement income security act (erisa) plans include all of the following except:
[a] defined benefit plans include a formula to use in determining the benefits employees will receive on their retirement.[b] payroll deduction plans must be "qualified" plans under the irs code.[c] under defined contribution plans, employee retirement benefits depend on factors such as contributions made and portfolio performance.[d] trading for erisa plan accounts make up a significant part of the volume on all national exchanges.