This is the process of making a prediction based on the results of prior observatipons of similar events is

An inference

Explanation:

An inference is a conclusion that we make based on available evidence and reasoning. We make a guess based on what we already know or what we have already experienced then using that available information we can make inference.

For example if we know someone has a great house and they drive a very nice expensive care we can make an inference that they are rich based on this information that we know.

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